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She passed away on November 25, 1504 at the age of 53. The tomb is located in the royal cathedral in Granada, where her husband Fernando, daughter Juana, and son-in-law Felipe are all buried together.
She and Fernando had one son and four daughters, but their second daughter, Juana, succeeded Castile after Queen Isabel's death because her son Juan died when he was young, and her eldest daughter, Isabel, who was the queen of Portugal, died while giving birth to Prince Miguel. However, because Queen Juana had a mental problem, her husband Fernando II and son-in-law Felipe I argued with each other for the position of regent of Castile, and it was concluded that Felipe was the regent after that. Fernando II, however, will become regent when Felipe suddenly passes away just two months after he came to Castile to rule the country. The situation was complicated by the fact that Felipe's death was suspected of poisoning and Fernando II, the king of Aragon, remarried to have a new son, and the Castillas disliked it.
This issue was resolved later when Fernando II died without any children with his new wife, Germain de Pois, and Charles V, the son of Queen Juana, who was abroad, co-ruled with his mother. It is common to see Charles V as the first king of the unified Spanish kingdom in Spanish history because the real power was entirely with his grandson, Karl.
For reference, the fourth daughter of Isabel I and Fernando II was Catalina of Aragon, the first wife of Henry VIII and the mother of Mary I. Also called Catherine, she married in 1502, and shortly after Isabel I passed away in 1504, forcing her to live a tragic and painful life in England. This is because her husband, Fernando II, who was responsible for the safety and care of Catherine, his daughter after Isabel I, was indifferent to and did not care about Catherine.
One stain on her reign was the expulsion of the unconverted Muslims from the Iberian Peninsula and the expulsion of Jews in 1492 by the publication of the Edict of Alhambra. This was criticized not only by Islam and Jews but also by conceptual Christians, who violated the terms of allowing the religious freedom of Muslims and Jews who were promised when the last Islamic king, Boabdil, surrendered and withdrew when he destroyed the Granada dynasty. As a result, Christians in North Africa and the Muslim world were expelled equally for the conflict, so they came to Spain and were furious that we were like this because of you. Of course, they accepted because they were the same Christians, but these various Christians who lived in non-Christian regions for a long time did not coexist very well with the existing Spaniards. Money was the main underlying reason for this edict. Due to lack of money, the Jews were forced to dispose of their property and leave for a very short period of time, but gold and silver were banned from leaving the country. Jews, who were robbed of most of their property, were scattered around Europe.
In the short term, Catholicism achieved great national unity, domestic stability, territorial expansion, and funding, but in the long run, the removal of Jews was one of the causes of Spain's collapse. Since the entire domestic financial industry has flown away, others should have covered it, but soon the new continent's golden mulberry was sucked in and they did not respond. The Jews, a financial expert, could not have felt good about Spain, and as a result, foreign territories were rapidly discovered, and as a result, a series of wars and bankruptcies occurred in European countries, and countries that were poor at finance became increasingly in debt. Charles V, the grandson who ruled the vast territory, also served as the Holy Roman Emperor, and was extremely wasteful and owed a lot. Felipe II, the great-great-grandchild, enjoyed the good harvest of Spain's heyday when the sun never set, but the overall economy of Spain was very rough because the precise smelting methods of gold and silver were not developed compared to the enormous reserves secured through the Americas. Wars and debts to be fought increased, and Felipe II went bankrupt four times. Muslims, including Moors, were primarily engaged in agriculture and manufacturing in Spain at the time. They continued to oppress and drive them out until the time of Felipe II, using Isabel's completed Lekonquista as the basis, and eventually failed to secure agricultural and food within the Spanish Peninsula. At the time, they could rely on abundant imports from colonies, but when they lose them, their home countries lack advanced infrastructure. These generations, who turned to foreign colonies such as the Americas that Isabel obtained, were permanently distant from the Islamic forces near the Mediterranean Sea, and Spain's unity based on devout Catholic beliefs solidified cultural conservatism and closeness thanks to their pride as "European strongest" and "Catholic monarch."
Simply put, Isabel completed and strengthened the country, laying the foundation for a great empire, but at the same time left a contradictory legacy as a king who left a spark that weakened the country's fundamental power.
Previously, the Iberian Peninsula, where Spain and Portugal are located, was under the influence of Islam for nearly 700 years from the beginning of the 8th century to the end of the 15th century, and Catholicism motivated them to fight against Islam. Even the Pope regarded Lekonquista as part of the crusade and said that the Iberian Peninsula countries were not obligated to participate in the crusade.
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